Also sometimes referred to as a "pregnancy mask," melasma is a skin disorder that results in irregularly shaped dark-brown or shadow-like patches of skin on your face and neck.
Melasma most often occurs on your cheeks, chin, forehead, jaws, and neck.
Causes
You're more likely to develop melasma after being regularly exposed to the sun. However, some people may develop melasma due to other risk factors, such as:
- Pregnancy
- Birth control and oral contraceptives
- Hormone therapy
- Certain medications
- Cosmetics
- Genetics
Tips
- Reduce Sun Exposure:
When it comes to melasma, prevention is the way to go, especially if exposure to the sun is the reason why you have it. Limiting your time in the sun, along with regular sunscreen usage—making sure to use sunscreens that contain zinc oxide or titanium dioxide—and wearing a hat are all ways to stop your skin from going into overdrive and producing excess melanin.
- Prescription Cream:
Your dermatologist may prescribe a topical hydroquinone cream, which is effective in preventing the production of melanin.
- Chemical Peels and Laser Treatments:
People with severe melasma that's chronic may be prescribed chemical peels or laser treatment to diminish signs of hyperpigmentation. It's not uncommon for multiple sessions to be carried out over the course of several months because a noticeable outcome can be achieved.
- Switch to fragrance-free cosmetics and gentle soaps:
Gentle skin care products are less likely to darken your melasma spots than products with fragrances and ingredients that are harsh and irritant.
- Vitamin C:
Research indicates that over-the-counter vitamin C can brighten skin and fade hyperpigmentation without being too harsh on your skin.